All data on the life cycle of the genus Papilio in Japan, based on observations and photographs over 25 years.
2931 color images and the description of all larval stages of the 11 species and 7 subspecies of the Genus Papilio in Japan.
The main focus was on the differences in morphology between species, explaining the patterns appearing during the developmental process of eggs and the variation in larval stages.
Rare cases and experimental results were presented, including spotting and color abnormalities in the larval stage, over-aged larvae, parasitoid wasps, overcoming disease, injury, and chemical damage, and genetics in larval spotting and coloration.
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